NEW YORK ā It started with a Black man slapping another Black man on live television at the globally televised Oscars, presumably in defense of a Black woman who was being ridiculed over her hairstyle.
But to many Black people, it was about more than a slap or an insult. It was about Black manhood, about what is expected of Black men in the 21st century ā and about attitudes toward Black women.
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The stunning physical altercation between actor Will Smith and comedian Chris Rock at the 94th Academy Awards on Sunday has sparked debate about the appropriate ways for Black men to publicly defend Black women against humiliation and abuse.
While many women have long rejected the misogynist premise that their safety and protection is the province of men, some see Smithās professed defense of his wife, Jada Pinkett Smith, as a principled act of love and pushback to those who say Black men donāt do enough to protect Black women.
Ayanna Abrams, a clinical psychologist and founder of Ascension Behavioral Health in Atlanta, said what protection from a spouse or partner looks like can be different for each woman.
āProtection for some of us does look like something that is more assertive, in terms of going to speak to somebody," said Abrams, who is on the board of Black Girls Smile, a nonprofit that focuses on Black girlsā mental health.
Abrams added, āFor some people, protection of Black women would have been (Rockās) joke not happening in the first place. Thatās also protection of Black women and their bodies, and how they are regarded in the media.ā
But for many observers, protecting Black women from verbal insults stops short of physical assault.
During Sundayās Oscars broadcast, Smith shocked the Dolby Theatre crowd in Los Angeles and millions of television viewers when he walked onstage after Rock joked: āJada, I love you. āG.I. Jane 2,ā canāt wait to see it.ā
It was an unscripted dig at Pinkett Smithās shaved head. The 50-year-old actor has spoken publicly about her alopecia diagnosis, an autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss, as well as the negative effect it can have on sense of identity and self esteem. When Pinkett Smith rolled her eyes in displeasure with Rockās joke, her Academy Award-nominated husband strode onstage and open-hand slapped the presenter across the face.
After returning to his seat, Smith twice shouted at Rock, ākeep my wifeās name out your (expletive) mouth.ā
Baruch College professor Shelly Eversley said Smithās language toward Rock left her questioning whether the actorās motivation for slapping the comedian was an act of love.
āāMy wife' ā get my wifeās name out of your mouth ā is a logic of property ownership,ā said Eversley, who is interim chair of Baruchās Black and Latino Studies program.
āIn the history of racial slavery and violence against Black women, we can certainly see all the ways in which Black women in particular have been treated as property,ā she said. āFor Black men to do it does not make it any better than when white people do it.ā
Black men and women in the U.S. have navigated gender roles that historians say are rooted in the experience of slavery and Jim Crow, during a time when sticking up for each other in defiance of an enslaver or authority figure invited violence or worse. In the midst of legal apartheid and systemic racism, disproportionate poverty rates and mass incarceration, generations of Black men have been raised to believe that success in life includes protecting the honor of oneās spouse and defending oneās family from danger in a white-controlled society.
And on its surface, thatās not entirely unlike the expectations placed on generations of white American men, and men of other ethnic and racial backgrounds.
Still, times have changed. Today, behavior like Smithās slap at the Oscars is more likely to be condemned as a consequence of an unchecked ego than to be cheered as a righteous defense of a Black woman, Eversley said.
āJada Pinkett (Smith) is not a damsel in distress,ā she said. āThe idea that somehow Will Smith should be applauded for treating her as if she doesnāt have a voice or doesnāt have her own agency is also a problem.ā
āThat he can get away with that kind of violence on national television, go back to his seat, receive an award and then go party,ā Eversley continued, āsuggests to me that even the tears about defending his wife arenāt really about defending his wife but his own ego.ā
As he tearfully accepted his best actor award for āKing Richard,ā Smith apologized to the academy and fellow nominees for casting a shadow over an event that, until he slapped Rock, was full of historic firsts for people of color, LGBTQ representation, the Deaf community, all happening in a room where Black people have fought to be represented.
In a statement released Monday, Smith acknowledged his behavior āwas unacceptable and inexcusable,ā and offered an apology to Rock that he failed to offer during his acceptance speech.
āJokes at my expense are a part of the job, but a joke about Jadaās medical condition was too much for me to bear and I reacted emotionally,ā Smith said. āI am a work in progress.ā
After condemning the actor's behavior, the academy met Wednesday to initiate disciplinary proceedings against Smith for violations against the groupās standards of conduct. The academy, which said Smith was asked to leave after the incident but refused, said disciplinary action could include suspension, expulsion or other sanctions.
Smith has described looking out for his loved ones as a kind of lifelong mission. In his best-selling memoir āWill,ā published last fall, he recalled watching his father punch his mother so hard that she fell and spit blood. Smith was 9 at the time and would long chastise himself for not defending his mother.
āWithin everything that I have done since then ā the awards and accolades, the spotlights and attention, the characters and the laughs ā there has been a subtle string of apologies to my mother for my inaction that day,ā Smith wrote. āFor failing her in the moment. For failing to stand up to my father. For being a coward.ā
Phillip Agnew, an activist and co-founder of Black Men Build, a national group focused on the empowerment and political education of Black men, said he rejects the racist and media-perpetuated idea that Black men are any less protective of or loving to their spouses, families and communities than others.
But some response to Smithās behavior at the Oscars, particularly from those who saw his confrontation with Rock as an example of protecting Black women, is evidence of how low the bar has been set, he said.
āProtecting Black women absolutely includes how we engage in our relationships, both intimate and platonic,ā Agnew said.
However, "if your true goal was protecting your wifeās honor and integrity, there were probably better ways to do it,ā he said of Smithās actions.
The Oscars controversy came at the end of a week that included a different approach to defending a Black woman. Sen. Cory Booker, a Black Democrat from New Jersey, delivered a widely praised speech pushing back on his Republican colleaguesā combative questioning of Judge Kentaji Brown Jackson, who is poised to become the first Black woman confirmed to the U.S. Supreme Court.
āYou faced insults here that were shocking to me,ā Booker said on the third day of Jacksonās confirmation hearings last Wednesday.
āYou have earned this spot. You are worthy. You are a great American,ā the senator continued, drawing tears from Jackson and others who listened with rapt attention.
Paige Woods, associate director of Black Girls Smile, said thereās some value in the conversation over the Oscars incident.
āThe history of Black women being used as the butt of jokes in front of predominantly white audiences, for the sake of a laugh and with no regard for Black women and girlsā humanity, is something that this country has done for so long,ā she said.
āThis at least has people talking, for good or for bad reasons.ā
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AP writers Ryan Pearson in Los Angeles, Leanne Italie, Hillel Italie and Deepti Hajela in New York, and Lindsay Whitehurst in Salt Lake City contributed.
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Morrison writes about race and justice for the APās Race and Ethnicity team. Follow him on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/aaronlmorrison.
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This story corrects the name of the associate director of the Black Girls Smile organization. She is Paige Woods, not Paige Brooks.