Pfizer said Monday its COVID-19 vaccine works for children ages 5 to 11 and that it will seek U.S. authorization for this age group soon ā a key step toward beginning vaccinations for youngsters.
The vaccine made by Pfizer and its German partner BioNTech already is available for anyone 12 and older. But with kids now back in school and the extra-contagious delta variant causing a huge jump in pediatric infections, many parents are anxiously awaiting vaccinations for their younger children.
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For elementary school-aged kids, Pfizer tested a much lower dose ā a third of the amount thatās in each shot given now. Yet after their second dose, children ages 5 to 11 developed coronavirus-fighting antibody levels just as strong as teenagers and young adults getting the regular-strength shots, Dr. Bill Gruber, a Pfizer senior vice president, told The Associated Press.
The kid dosage also proved safe, with similar or fewer temporary side effects ā such as sore arms, fever or achiness ā that teens experience, he said.
āI think we really hit the sweet spot,ā said Gruber, whoās also a pediatrician.
Gruber said the companies aim to apply to the Food and Drug Administration by the end of the month for emergency use in this age group, followed shortly afterward with applications to European and British regulators.
Earlier this month, FDA chief Dr. Peter Marks told the AP that once Pfizer turns over its study results, his agency would evaluate the data āhopefully in a matter of weeksā to decide if the shots are safe and effective enough for younger kids.
An outside expert said scientists want to see more details but called the report encouraging.
"These topline results are very good news,ā said Dr. Jesse Goodman of Georgetown University, a former FDA vaccine chief. The level of immune response Pfizer reported āappears likely to be protective.ā
Many Western countries so far have vaccinated no younger than age 12, awaiting evidence of what's the right dose and that it works safely. Cuba last week began immunizing children as young as 2 with its homegrown vaccines and Chinese regulators have cleared two of its brands down to age 3.
While kids are at lower risk of severe illness or death than older people, more than 5 million children in the U.S. have tested positive for COVID-19 since the pandemic began and at least 460 have died, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. Cases in children have risen as the delta variant swept through the country.
āI feel a great sense of urgencyā in making the vaccine available to children under 12, Gruber said. āThereās pent-up demand for parents to be able to have their children returned to a normal life.ā
In New Jersey, 10-year-old Maya Huber asked why she couldnāt get vaccinated like her parents and both teen brothers have. Her mother, Dr. Nisha Gandhi, a critical care physician at Englewood Hospital, enrolled Maya in the Pfizer study at Rutgers University. But the family hasnāt eased up on their masking and other virus precautions until they learn if Maya received the real vaccine or a dummy shot.
Once she knows sheās protected, Mayaās first goal: āa huge sleepover with all my friends.ā
Maya said it was exciting to be part of the study even though she was āsuper scaredā about getting jabbed. But āafter you get it, at least you feel like happy that you did it and relieved that it didnāt hurt," she told the AP.
Pfizer said it studied the lower dose in 2,268 kindergartners and elementary school-aged kids. The FDA required what is called an immune ābridging" study: evidence that the younger children developed antibody levels already proven to be protective in teens and adults. That's what Pfizer reported Monday in a press release, not a scientific publication. The study still is ongoing, and there haven't yet been enough COVID-19 cases to compare rates between the vaccinated and those given a placebo ā something that might offer additional evidence.
The study isnāt large enough to detect any extremely rare side effects, such as the heart inflammation that sometimes occurs after the second dose, mostly in young men. The FDAās Marks said the pediatric studies should be large enough to rule out any higher risk to young children. Pfizerās Gruber said once the vaccine is authorized for younger children, theyāll be carefully monitored for rare risks just like everyone else.
A second U.S. vaccine maker, Moderna, also is studying its shots in elementary school-aged children. Pfizer and Moderna are studying even younger tots as well, down to 6-month-olds. Results are expected later in the year.
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AP journalist Emma Tobin contributed to this report.
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The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Instituteās Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.