TORONTO, ONT ā Canada has endured bitter divisions in the past, but the current wave of disruptive protests over COVID-19 restrictions is unprecedented in the extent it has undermined public trust in government leadership, starting at the top with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.
On Monday, as criticism of his hands-off approach mounted, Trudeau finally took forceful action against the truckers and other protesters who have laid siege to parts of Ottawa, the capital, for more than two weeks. The prime minister invoked emergency powers that could freeze protestersā bank accounts, target crowdfunding sites used to support them and ban blockades at border crossings, airports and in Ottawa.
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Unsurprisingly, the pronouncement further angered the protesters and many of their conservative backers; a wave of social media posts denounced Trudeau as a tyrant. But there was also little enthusiasm for the move anywhere else on Canadaās political spectrum.
While the pronouncement may halt a sharp recent drop in Trudeauās approval ratings, he may not recover his former popularity, said Nelson Wiseman, a political science professor at the University of Toronto.
āTrudeau has become a more polarizing leader than he once was,ā Wiseman said. āThe chance of him contesting the next election, whenever it comes, has been lessened.ā
The Toronto Star, normally supportive of Trudeau, said in an editorial that emergency powers wouldnāt have been needed if political and police leaders had responded effectively early on.
āMany will cheer the Trudeau governmentās decision to invoke the Emergencies Act,ā the Star said. āBut we will not join the cheering. Federal emergency powers may now be necessary as a last resort, but going that route is a shocking admission of failure by governments at all levels.ā
The Canadian Civil Liberties Association also was critical, saying the protests did not meet the threshold for invoking emergency powers.
āGovernments regularly deal with difficult situations, and do so using powers granted to them by democratically elected representatives,ā the association said. āEmergency legislation should not be normalized. It threatens our democracy and our civil liberties.ā
The protests have been depicted in some international news coverage as a dramatic rupture of norms in a country viewed as peaceable and polite. But that stereotype has never been fully accurate ā as evidenced by recent mass murders, a gunmanās deadly attack on Parliament Hill in 2014 and a series of blockades pitting indigenous protesters against police.
From 1963 through 1970, separatist militants in Quebec carried out scores of robberies and bombings in a campaign culminating with the kidnapping and murder of a provincial minister in October 1970. The prime minister at the time was Justin Trudeauās father, Pierre Trudeau, who invoked the War Measures Act so that armed soldiers could deploy in Quebec streets and police could make arrests without charge.
The younger Trudeau, even while invoking emergency powers, said he has no plans to deploy the military to disperse the protests ā in effect, drawing a contrast with his fatherās choice.
āI think Justin is worried about being seen reproducing his dadās response,ā said York University political science professor Dennis Pilon, depicting the prime minister as facing a ācanāt winā situation.
āHe thought it was a show of strength to ignore the protesters, but that didnāt go down well with some of his supporters,ā Pilon said. āThey felt he should have at least talked to them.ā
āHis father knew what to do to, and Justin doesnāt,ā said Robert Bothwell, a professor of Canadian history and international relations at the University of Toronto. āI look at Justin and I do very much wish we had a more obviously strong person at the helm. I think a lot of Canadians feel like that.ā
Often branded a āliberal elitistā by his critics, Trudeau refused to meet with the protesters, some of whom called for his government to be overthrown. He depicted protesters as an anti-vaccine āfringeā fueled by disinformation and conspiracy theories.
Trudeau is still remembered for evoking the prospect of āsunny waysā when he took office in 2015 at age 43, the second-youngest Canadian prime minister ever. There have been numerous setbacks since then, but he has been re-elected twice, most recently in September.
In theory, Trudeau could run again when the next election is held within the next few years. But there are widespread doubts that he will do so, given the drop in his popularity and the animosity toward him in much of western Canada.
āIf he runs, the election will be more about him than any particular issue,ā said the University of Toronto's Wiseman. āHe will be perceived as having overstayed his welcome.ā
The truckersā protest began in Alberta, a long-time bastion for Canadian conservatives and one of four provinces, along with Manitoba, Quebec and Saskatchewan, whose premiers have opposed the prime minister's invocation of emergency powers this week.
The demonstrators in Ottawa ā and at protests and blockades elsewhere in Canada ā have decried vaccine mandates for truckers and other COVID-19 precautions, and also denounced the overall performance of Trudeauās Liberal Party government.
Even as Trudeauās approval ratings dipped, however, polls show that most Canadians have supported the pandemic restrictions. The vast majority of Canadians are vaccinated, and the COVID-19 death rate is one-third that of the United States.
For Trudeau, the protest campaign has had international overtones. The truckersā so-called Freedom Convoy has been cheered on by right-wing figures in the United States, including Fox News personalities, former President Donald Trump and Texas Sen. Ted Cruz. A big chunk of the money donated to support the protests also has come from the U.S.
Grace Skogstad, a University of Toronto political science professor, said the fallout from Trudeauās emergency order will depend on whether it succeeds in ending the upheaval.
āIf the protesters can be cleared out without anyone getting injured and soon (by the weekend), it will be hard for critics to oppose his actions,ā Skogstad said via email. āBut letās face it, the conservative right will always be critical of Trudeau.ā
Nik Nanos, a pollster whose Ottawa office affords him a close-up view, doubts that the protesters ā including many families with young children ā will disperse any time soon.
āIn my view, this is the equivalent of an Occupy Wall Street movement that will be at the front door of the House of Commons for a long time,ā he said. āThese truckers want to be in the face of politicians every day until these restrictions are lifted.ā
āWhatās clear is that everyone is frustrated with the government ā the truckers, the people who oppose the truckers, the people concerned about using the emergency act,ā Nanos added. āIt will be interesting to see what happens if the government plays this card and nothing happens.ā
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Gillies reported from Toronto, and Crary, a former Toronto bureau chief for AP, reported from New York.